Heidelberg Catechism (1563), Zacharias Ursinus and Caspar Olevianus

Question 102

Section 37: Lord’s Day 37

May we also swear by saints or any other creatures?

No: for a lawful oath is calling upon God, as the only one who knows the heart; that he will bear witness to the truth, and punish me if I swear falsely;a which honour is due to no creature.b

  1. a. 2 Corinthians 1:23

    2 Corinthians 1:23

    1:23 Moreover I call God for a record upon my soul, that to spare you I came not as yet unto Corinth.

    1:23 I call God as my witness that it was in order to spare you that I did not return to Corinth.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  2. b. Matthew 5:34–35

    Matthew 5:34–35

    5:34 But I say unto you, Swear not at all; neither by heaven; for it is God’s throne: 5:35 Nor by the earth; for it is his footstool: neither by Jerusalem; for it is the city of the great King.

    5:34 But I tell you not to swear at all: either by heaven, for it is God's throne; 5:35 or by the earth, for it is His footstool; or by Jerusalem, for it is the city of the great King.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

Diff style

Changes in An Orthodox Catechism (1680), Question 117

An Orthodox Catechism (1680), Question 117

May we also Is it lawful to swear by Saints, or any other Creatures?

No, for a lawful Oath is calling upon an Invocation of God, whereby we desire that he, as the only one who knows the heart; that he will searcher of Hearts, bear Witness to unto the Truth, and will punish me the Swearer if I he wittingly swear falsely: which but this Honour is due agreeth to no Creature.

Heidelberg Catechism (1563), Question 102

May we also swear by saints or any other creatures?

No: for a lawful oath is calling upon God, as the only one who knows the heart; that he will bear witness to the truth, and punish me if I swear falsely; which honour is due to no creature.

An Orthodox Catechism (1680), Question 117

Is it lawful to swear by Saints, or other Creatures?

No, for a lawful Oath is an Invocation of God, whereby we desire that he, as the only searcher of Hearts, bear Witness unto the Truth, and will punish the Swearer if he wittingly swear falsely: but this Honour agreeth to no Creature.

Commentaries (2)

  • Zacharias Ursinus, 1587, The Summe of Christian Religion (2 parts)

    Is it lawfull to sweare by Saints or other creatures? No: For a lawefull oth is an inuocation of God, whereby we desire, that he, as the onely searcher of hearts, beare witnesse…

    Zacharias Ursinus’s text
  • Jeremias Bastingius, 1591, A Catechisme of Christian Religion, with the Arguments and Use

    Is it not lawfull to sweare by Saintes and other Creatures? No: For a lawfull oth, is a calling vpon God, wherein a man desireth, that he beeing the onely beholder of the heart,…

    Jeremias Bastingius’s text