An Orthodox Catechism

    Heidelberg Catechism (1563), Zacharias Ursinus and Caspar Olevianus

    Question 106

    Section 40: Lord’s Day 40

    But this command seems only to speak of murder?

    In forbidding murder, God teaches us that he abhors the causes thereof; such as envy,a hatred, anger, and desire of revenge;b and that he accounts all these as murder.c

    1. a. James 1:20; Galatians 5:20

      James 1:20

      1:20 For the wrath of man worketh not the righteousness of God.

      1:20 for man's anger does not bring about the righteousness that God desires.

      Galatians 5:20

      5:20 Idolatry, witchcraft, hatred, variance, emulations, wrath, strife, seditions, heresies,

      5:20 idolatry and sorcery; hatred, discord, jealousy, and rage; rivalries, divisions, factions,

      King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

    2. b. Romans 1:29; 1 John 2:9

      Romans 1:29

      1:29 Being filled with all unrighteousness, fornication, wickedness, covetousness, maliciousness; full of envy, murder, debate, deceit, malignity; whisperers,

      1:29 They have become filled with every kind of wickedness, evil, greed, and depravity. They are full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, and malice. They are gossips,

      1 John 2:9

      2:9 He that saith he is in the light, and hateth his brother, is in darkness even until now.

      2:9 If anyone claims to be in the light but hates his brother, he is still in the darkness.

      King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

    3. c. 1 John 3:15

      1 John 3:15

      3:15 Whosoever hateth his brother is a murderer: and ye know that no murderer hath eternal life abiding in him.

      3:15 Everyone who hates his brother is a murderer, and you know that eternal life does not reside in a murderer.

      King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

    Diff style

    Changes in An Orthodox Catechism (1680), Question 124

    An Orthodox Catechism (1680), Question 124

    But this command Commandment seems to forbid Murther only?to speak of murder?

    But in forbidding Murther, God teaches us doth further teach, that he abhors hateth the causes thereof; such as Root, to wit, Anger, Envy, Hatred, anger, and Desire of Revenge, and that he accounts doth account them all these as for Murther.

    Heidelberg Catechism (1563), Question 106

    But this command seems only to speak of murder?

    In forbidding murder, God teaches us that he abhors the causes thereof; such as envy, hatred, anger, and desire of revenge; and that he accounts all these as murder.

    An Orthodox Catechism (1680), Question 124

    But this Commandment seems to forbid Murther only?

    But in forbidding Murther, God doth further teach, that he hateth the Root, to wit, Anger, Envy, Hatred, and Desire of Revenge, and doth account them all for Murther.

    Commentaries (2)

    • Zacharias Ursinus, 1587, The Summe of Christian Religion (2 parts)

      But this commaundement seemeth to forbid murther only. But in forbidding murther, god dooth further teach that he hateth the roote and cause of murther, to wit, anger, enuy,…

      Zacharias Ursinus’s text

    • Jeremias Bastingius, 1591, A Catechisme of Christian Religion, with the Arguments and Use

      Why? but this commandement seemeth to forbid onelie Murder. For the slaying of murder, God teacheth, that he hateth the roote and original of murder, to wit, anger, enuy, hatred,…

      Jeremias Bastingius’s text