Heidelberg Catechism (1563), Zacharias Ursinus and Caspar Olevianus

Question 96

Section 35: Lord’s Day 35

What doth God require in the second command?

That we in no wise represent God by images,a nor worship him in any other way than he has commanded in his word.b

  1. a. Deuteronomy 4:15; Isaiah 40:18; Romans 1:23ff; Acts 17:29

    Deuteronomy 4:15

    4:15 Take ye therefore good heed unto yourselves; for ye saw no manner of similitude on the day that the Lord spake unto you in Horeb out of the midst of the fire:

    4:15 So since you saw no form of any kind on the day the LORD spoke to you out of the fire at Horeb, be careful

    Isaiah 40:18

    40:18 To whom then will ye liken God? or what likeness will ye compare unto him?

    40:18 To whom will you liken God? To what image will you compare Him?

    Romans 1:23–32

    1:23 And changed the glory of the uncorruptible God into an image made like to corruptible man, and to birds, and fourfooted beasts, and creeping things. 1:24 Wherefore God also gave them up to uncleanness through the lusts of their own hearts, to dishonour their own bodies between themselves: 1:25 Who changed the truth of God into a lie, and worshipped and served the creature more than the Creator, who is blessed for ever. Amen. 1:26 For this cause God gave them up unto vile affections: for even their women did change the natural use into that which is against nature: 1:27 And likewise also the men, leaving the natural use of the woman, burned in their lust one toward another; men with men working that which is unseemly, and receiving in themselves that recompence of their error which was meet. 1:28 And even as they did not like to retain God in their knowledge, God gave them over to a reprobate mind, to do those things which are not convenient; 1:29 Being filled with all unrighteousness, fornication, wickedness, covetousness, maliciousness; full of envy, murder, debate, deceit, malignity; whisperers, 1:30 Backbiters, haters of God, despiteful, proud, boasters, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents, 1:31 Without understanding, covenantbreakers, without natural affection, implacable, unmerciful: 1:32 Who knowing the judgment of God, that they which commit such things are worthy of death, not only do the same, but have pleasure in them that do them.

    1:23 and exchanged the glory of the immortal God for images of mortal man and birds and animals and reptiles. 1:24 Therefore God gave them over in the desires of their hearts to impurity for the dishonoring of their bodies with one another. 1:25 They exchanged the truth of God for a lie, and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is forever worthy of praise! Amen. 1:26 For this reason God gave them over to dishonorable passions. Even their women exchanged natural relations for unnatural ones. 1:27 Likewise, the men abandoned natural relations with women and burned with lust for one another. Men committed indecent acts with other men, and received in themselves the due penalty for their error. 1:28 Furthermore, since they did not see fit to acknowledge God, He gave them up to a depraved mind, to do what ought not to be done. 1:29 They have become filled with every kind of wickedness, evil, greed, and depravity. They are full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, and malice. They are gossips, 1:30 slanderers, God-haters, insolent, arrogant, and boastful. They invent new forms of evil; they disobey their parents. 1:31 They are senseless, faithless, heartless, merciless. 1:32 Although they know God's righteous decree that those who do such things are worthy of death, they not only continue to do these things, but also approve of those who practice them.

    Acts 17:29

    17:29 Forasmuch then as we are the offspring of God, we ought not to think that the Godhead is like unto gold, or silver, or stone, graven by art and man’s device.

    17:29 Therefore, being offspring of God, we should not think that the Divine Being is like gold or silver or stone, an image formed by man's skill and imagination.

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

  2. b. 1 Samuel 15:23; Deuteronomy 12:30

    1 Samuel 15:23

    15:23 For rebellion is as the sin of witchcraft, and stubbornness is as iniquity and idolatry. Because thou hast rejected the word of the Lord, he hath also rejected thee from being king.

    15:23 For rebellion is like the sin of divination, and arrogance is like the wickedness of idolatry. Because you have rejected the word of the LORD, He has rejected you as king."

    Deuteronomy 12:30

    12:30 Take heed to thyself that thou be not snared by following them, after that they be destroyed from before thee; and that thou enquire not after their gods, saying, How did these nations serve their gods? even so will I do likewise.

    12:30 be careful not to be ensnared by their ways after they have been destroyed before you. Do not inquire about their gods, asking, "How do these nations serve their gods? I will do likewise."

    King James VersionBerean Standard Bible

Diff style

Changes in An Orthodox Catechism (1680), Question 110

An Orthodox Catechism (1680), Question 110

What doth God this second Commandment require?in the second command?

That we in no wise should not express or represent God by images, nor any Image or shape and figure, or worship him in any other way than otherwise then he hath commanded himself in his Word to be worshipped.

Heidelberg Catechism (1563), Question 96

What doth God require in the second command?

That we in no wise represent God by images, nor worship him in any other way than he has commanded in his word.

An Orthodox Catechism (1680), Question 110

What doth this second Commandment require?

That we should not express or represent God by any Image or shape and figure, or worship him any otherwise then he hath commanded himself in his Word to be worshipped.

Commentaries (2)

  • Zacharias Ursinus, 1587, The Summe of Christian Religion (3 parts)

    What doth the second cōmandement require? That wee shoulde not expresse or represent god by any image or shape & figure, or worship him anie otherwise than he hath commaunded in…

    Zacharias Ursinus’s text
  • Jeremias Bastingius, 1591, A Catechisme of Christian Religion, with the Arguments and Use

    THE ARGVMENT What maner of God the Lord is, and with what kinde of seruice to be honoured, where, of painting of images: and whether it bee lawfull to set them in Churches. What…

    Jeremias Bastingius’s text